编者按:积极主动的思考对我们所接触到的人具有巨大的影响力。那些成功提高思考能力的人会充实自己，丰富自己的人生。For Success in LifeThinking is necessary if you want to successd in life. people fear that thinking may upset their comfort and self-satifaction. thinking needs constant practice with enthusiasm, enthusiasm generates interest and susutains think

编者按:尽心而尽责地完成一件事会为你带来真正的快乐，而尽责也并不一定是做苦工。为人服务是一项最成功的投资。The Soundest Investment of Allby C. Jared IngersollI feel very presumptuous and uncomfortable about trying to explain out loud the things I believe in. But I do think that all human problems are in some way related to each other, so perhaps if peo

The newspaper I previously worked for employs a very friendly receptionist. All receptionists are supposed to be friendly, but Connie Abbott has such a positive tone, she could brighten your day by saying, &quotDid anyone ever tell you that you look like a movie star? You ought to go to Hollywood an

All of us ought to be able to brace ourselves for the predictable challenges and setbacks that crop up everyday. If we expect that life won’t be perfect, we’ll be able to avoid that impulse to quit. But even ifyou are strong enough to persist the obstacle course of life and work, sometimes you will

It is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. Many ofthe leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the very threshold of their career. They were introduced to the broom, and spent the first hours of their b

And here&#39s what the checklisted childhood looks like.清单式的生活就是：We keep them safe and sound and fed and watered, and then we want to be sure they go to the right schools,我们确保他们安全、健康、吃好、喝好，然后期望他们进入好学校，that they&#39re in the right classes at the right schools,并且是好学校的好班级，and that they get the right gr

And so with our overhelp, our overprotection and overdirection and hand-holding,随着我们的过度帮助，过度保护，过度指导和过度关怀，we deprive our kids of the chance to build self-efficacy, which is a really fundamental tenet of the human psyche,我们剥夺了孩子建立自我能效的机会，自我能效是人类心智的重要准则，far more important than that self-esteem they get

And our kids, regardless of where they end up at the end of high school, they&#39re breathless.我们的孩子，无论高中毕业时结果怎样，都被压得喘不过气。They&#39re brittle. They&#39re a little burned out.他们心理脆弱，精疲力竭。They&#39re a little old before their time, wishing the grown-ups in their lives had said,他们比实际年龄更老成，盼望着大人告诉他们，&quot

And here&#39s what it feels like to be a kid in this checklisted childhood.那么在清单式童年中长大的孩子是怎样的呢。First of all, there&#39s no time for free play.首先，他们没有自由玩耍的时间。There&#39s no room in the afternoons, because everything has to be enriching, we think.整个下午都没有空闲，因为我们觉得任何事都要充实起来。It&#39s as if every piece of h

I have to admit something to you.我得向你们坦白一些事。I&#39ve got two kids I mentioned, Sawyer and Avery. They&#39re teenagers.我刚才提到我的两个孩子，Sawyer和Avery，他们都十来岁。And once upon a time, I think I was treating my Sawyer and Avery like little bonsai trees...有一次，我觉得我对待我的Sawyer和Avery，就像对待盆栽一样...that I was going to car

All right, so you&#39re thinking, chores and love, that sounds all well and good, but give me a break.好，你可能会想，家务和爱，这听起来很好，但是得了吧。The colleges want to see top scores and grades and accolades and awards, and I&#39m going to tell you, sort of.大学看的是好成绩、荣誉和奖项，我会告诉你们，是有那么点。The very biggest brand-name schoo

And even though we might help them achieve some short-term wins by overhelping即使我们可以通过这种过度帮助来让他们获得一些短期的成功like they get a better grade if we help them do their homework,比如帮他们做作业而拿到的好成绩，they might end up with a longer childhood résumé when we help在我们的帮助下，他们可能会有一个更好看的童年简历，what I&#39m saying is that all

You know, I didn&#39t set out to be a parenting expert.我从没想过做一个育儿专家。In fact, I&#39m not very interested in parenting, per Se.事实上，我本身对育儿也没什么兴趣。It&#39s just that there&#39s a certain style of parenting these days that is kind of messing up kids,只是因为当今有一种育儿方式会把孩子搞得一团糟，impeding their chances to develop

We all know this, and yet, in the checklisted childhood,我们都已经清楚，在清单式童年中，we absolve our kids of doing the work of chores around the house,我们不让孩子做家里的杂活，and then they end up as young adults in the workplace still waiting for a checklist,当他们长大进入职场，还在等待一个清单，but it doesn&#39t exist, and more importantly,

There are other reasons why it&#39s perhaps harder now to feel calm than ever before.还有一些其他理由让我们比过去更难获得平静。One of these, and it&#39s paradoxical, because it&#39s linked to something that&#39s rather nice, is the hope we all have for our careers.有些矛盾，因为拥有自己的事业是一件不错的事，Never before have expectations bee

I&#39m drawn to a lovely quote by St. Augustine in &quotThe City of God,&quot where he says, &quotIt&#39s a sin to judge any man by his post.&quot我很喜欢圣奥古斯丁在“上帝之城”里的一句话，他说，“以社会地位评价人是一种罪”。In modern English that would mean it&#39s a sin to come to any view of who you should talk to, dependent on their

You know, in the Middle Ages, in England, when you met a very poor person, that person would be described as an &quotunfortunate&quot你知道，在中世纪的英国，当你遇见一个非常穷苦的人，你会认为他“不走运”，literally, somebody who had not been blessed by fortune, an unfortunate.直接地说，那些不被幸运之神眷顾的人，不幸的人。Nowadays, particularly in the United

And I went to talk to them about certain of the great tragedies of Western art.我去找他们聊聊西方艺术中最伟大的几个悲剧故事。I wanted to see how they would seize the bare bones of certain stories,我想知道他们会如何露骨地以新闻的方式，if they came in as a news item at the news desk on a Saturday afternoon.在周日下午的新闻台上呈现这些经典悲剧故事。I mentioned Oth

Why do so many people reach success and then fail?为什么有这么多人在成功以后失败？One of the big reasons is, we think success is a one-way street.最主要的原因之一是，我们把成功当作一条单行道。So we do everything that leads up to success, but then we get there.我们尽其所能地达到成功，当我们到达那一步以后，We figure we&#39ve made it, we sit back in our comfort z

And the thing about a successful life is that a lot of the time,常常，我们对一个成功人生的想象，our ideas of what it would mean to live successfully are not our own.不是来自我们自己，而是来自他人。They&#39re sucked in from other people chiefly, if you&#39re a man, your father, and if you&#39re a woman, your mother.如果你是个男人，你会以父亲做榜样

The dominant kind of snobbery that exists nowadays is job snobbery.今天，最主要的势利就是对职业的势利。You encounter it within minutes at a party,你在派对中不用一分钟就能体会到，when you get asked that famous iconic question of the early 21st century, &quotWhat do you do?&quot当你被问到这个21世纪初最有代表性的问题：你是做什么的？According to how you answer t

And reaching success, I always did what I loved.为了成功，我总是做我最喜欢的事。But then I got into stuff that I didn&#39t love, like management.但不喜欢的事慢慢接踵而来，像管理。I am the world&#39s worst manager, but I figured I should be doing it, because I was, after all, the president of the company.我是世界上最糟糕的管理者，但当时我觉得这就是我该做的，因

Our heroes are human heroes. That&#39s a very new situation.我们的英雄是人类。这是一个崭新的情况。Most other societies have had, right at their center, the worship of something transcendent:历史中大部分的社会重心都是敬拜一位人类以外的灵体，a god, a spirit, a natural force, the universe, whatever it is -- something else that is being worshiped

That was fascinating. But how do you reconcile this idea of it being bad to think of someone as a &quotloser,&quot说的真好。你要如何与自己和解，把一个人称为失败者是糟糕的，with the idea that a lot of people like, of seizing control of your life,但许多人都想掌握自己的生活，and that a society that encourages that, perhaps has to have some winn

It&#39s probably as unlikely that you would nowadays become as rich and famous as Bill Gates,今日你变得像比尔·盖茨一样，有钱又出名的机会，as it was unlikely in the 17th century that you would accede to the ranks of the French aristocracy.大概就跟你在十七世纪成为法国贵族一样困难。But the point is, it doesn&#39t feel that way.但重点是，感觉却差别很大。It&#

For me they normally happen, these career crises, often, actually, on a Sunday evening, just as the sun is starting to set,我经常对事业感到恐慌，周日下午，晚霞洒满天空，and the gap between my hopes for myself and the reality of my life starts to diverge so painfully that I normally end up weeping into a pillow.理想和现实的差距是这样

And yeah, the black cloud faded a little bit, but so did all the work, because I was just floating along.乌云似乎有点消散了，但工作也是，因为我如坠云中。I couldn&#39t care less if clients ever called.我根本不在乎客户有没有与我联系。And clients didn&#39t call. Because they could see I was no longer serving them, I was only serving myself.事

When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in management consulting for a job that was even more demanding: teaching.在我27岁的时候，我辞去了一份非常有挑战性的职业，企业管理咨询，转而投入了一份更加具有挑战性的职业：教育。I went to teach seventh graders math in the New York City public schools.我来到纽约的一些公立学校教7年级的学生的数学。And like any teacher, I

After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in education经过几年教学之后，我得出一个结论，我们在教育方面所需要的是is a much better understanding of students and learning from a motivational perspective, from a psychological perspective.从学习动力的角度和心理学的角度，对学生和学习行为进行一次更为深刻的理解。In education, the on

Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. Grit is having stamina.毅力是对长远目标的激情和坚持。毅力是拥有持久的恒劲。Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out, not just for the week, not just for the month,毅力是你对未来的坚持，日复一日，不是仅仅持续一个星期或者一个月，but for years, and working really hard to make that future a r